# From Library Portability to Para-rehosting: Natively Executing Microcontroller Software on Commodity Hardware

> The paper uses a POSIX-based portable MCU and replaceable peripheral drivers to rehost MCU software for native execution and security testing on commodity hardware.

- Authors: Wenqiang Li; Le Guan; Jingqiang Lin; Jiameng Shi; Fengjun Li
- Venue: Proceedings 2021 Network and Distributed System Security Symposium
- Status: Conference paper
- Publication / posting date: 2021 (exact date not verified)
- Date source: Published date in the Crossref record for the DOI listed on arXiv.
- First arXiv submission: July 4, 2021
- arXiv: 2107.12867
- Reviewed arXiv version: v1
- DOI: 10.14722/ndss.2021.24308
- Sources reviewed: 2026-11-06
- Added to the catalog: 2026-11-06
- Original paper: <https://doi.org/10.14722/ndss.2021.24308>
- PDF: <https://arxiv.org/pdf/2107.12867>
- BibTeX: <https://awesomerea.org/papers/citations/paper-para-rehosting.bib>
- Catalog page: <https://awesomerea.org/papers/paper-para-rehosting/>
- Record JSON: <https://awesomerea.org/papers/paper-para-rehosting/record.json>
- Chinese version: [简体中文](https://awesomerea.org/zh/papers/paper-para-rehosting/index.md)

## Scope and limitations

It rehosts nine MCU operating systems, including Amazon FreeRTOS, ARM Mbed OS, Zephyr, and LiteOS. AFL and ASAN testing found 28 previously unknown bugs; five received CVEs and 19 were confirmed by vendors at the time of writing.

## Why it fits this collection

It presents a way to run MCU firmware on commodity hardware so existing dynamic analysis tools can find bugs.

## Publication and review notes

The DOI comes from the arXiv record, and the venue and date from Crossref.

## Primary sources

1. <https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.12867>
2. <https://api.crossref.org/works/10.14722/ndss.2021.24308>

## About this entry

Reviewed against the paper and its primary sources. Cite the original authors using the linked paper or BibTeX.
Original editorial content: MIT. Linked projects, papers and assets retain their own rights and licenses.