2026 · Preprint
Schema: Discovering Unknown Environments via Agentic Program Induction
Infers executable models of game state and transition rules from interaction. Agents revise these models against recorded history, search within them, and compare predicted observations with real outcomes while executing plans.
Scope and limitations
Evaluation uses 25 public ARC-AGI-3 games, 21 public DiG-bench games and MazeBench. Matching recorded transitions establishes history consistency, not original-source recovery or correctness on unseen states. RHAE measures completion and environment-action efficiency, not elapsed time or total computation. Component ablations cover ten ARC games; MazeBench compares recorded trajectories with a leaderboard median rather than a controlled human experiment. Transfer to arbitrary software or stochastic environments is not demonstrated.
Why it fits this collection
Provides a concrete observation-to-program-and-replay loop for black-box behavioral reconstruction, while distinguishing a useful predictive model from a complete game clone.
Publication and review details
- Venue
- arXiv
- Status
- Preprint
- Publication / posting date
- September 30, 2026
- Date source
- arXiv v1 first-submission date; the July project announcement and October repository revision are separate.
- First arXiv submission
- September 30, 2026
- arXiv
- 2609.39140
- Reviewed arXiv version
- v1
- DOI
- 10.48550/arxiv.2609.39140
The eleven-author v1 list and title match arXiv and the current project. DataCite registered the arXiv DOI on 2026-10-01; the article uses arXiv’s non-exclusive distribution license. The author-linked MIT code was inspected at 84c075fadfe937b97a3d1ad2acb42d1233f55ffe. Benchmark engines/services retain separate requirements. The linked trace dataset README at 0a0858a9e61a68d1e83142d9e4e3d66fc779c403 describes 50 July ARC trajectories, including a mixed-model collection. No trace-data license was verified.
Sources reviewed
Reviewed against the paper and its primary sources. Cite the original authors using the linked paper or BibTeX.
Primary sources
- https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.39140
- https://arxiv.org/html/2609.39140v1
- https://api.datacite.org/dois/10.48550/arxiv.2609.39140
- https://schema-harness.github.io/
- https://guanning03.github.io/schema-webpage/
- README.md GitHub · guanning03/Schema · Revision 84c075f
- LICENSE GitHub · guanning03/Schema · Revision 84c075f
- https://huggingface.co/datasets/schema-harness/arc-agi-3-schema-traces/blob/0a0858a9e61a68d1e83142d9e4e3d66fc779c403/README.md